amtrak covid ventilation

If youre traveling a long distance, then booking a private carespecially if it has a bathroomcould substantially lower your risk. It might be worth the price. In addition to snagging window seats, bus riders should look for the same safety features they would on a subway: a mask requirement, good ventilation and adequate spacing between passengers. Texas Eagle Train 21 which departed Chicago (CHI) on 2/27, is currently being delayed in Taylor (TAY) due to law enforcement activity ahead. Theres no filtration system in the world that will move air fast enough to get COVID-19 away from you before you can be exposed to it, says Lofgren. Learn more atAmtrak.com and connect with us on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and LinkedIn. All the others have people right next to you, she said. The curtain of my cabin was closed, and not wanting me to miss the view, Linda hopped on our cars intercom to make an announcement. That made me not want to gather in any kind of a public space while on the train whatsoever, she said. When I finally made it to the dining room the next day, after official breakfast hours were over, Sandy and Linda greeted me. All of that may, literally, require an act of Congress. Schools have been some of the first places to take a hard look at their ventilation. Follow Sophie Bushwick on TwitterCredit: Nick Higgins, Tanya Lewis is a senior editor at Scientific American who covers health and medicine. Una buena ventilacin, . With COVID-19s onrush, that hope was shunted to a political siding. Masks covering your nose and mouth are required by Amtrak in all stations, as is keeping proper social distance from others. Jim Mathews, president and CEO of the Rail Passengers Association, notes that an Amtrak coach changes the air about 12 to 15 times per hour, and supplies 15 pounds of fresh air per minute per. Amtrak will restore traditional dining car service on six western routes and the Auto Train on June 23. A looming question is whether once most Americans are vaccinated and people begin to return to flying, can Amtrak maintain its momentum and rebuild its ridership to pre-pandemic levels, then keep it growing. But many planes have excellent high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters that capture more than 99 percent of particles in the air, including microbes as SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID. 2023, Hearst Television Inc. on behalf of WMTW-TV. In Vermont, Dr. Arnot advised some of the local school districts on how to improve their air quality. Instead of eating in the dining car, I took advantage of Amtraks new room service option and had all my meals delivered right to my room at a time of my choosing. In fact, a recent MIT study found the risk of being exposed to the coronavirus could be as great whether a person is 6 feet or 60 feet away if the air is mixed. I had 29 and a half hours to go. WASHINGTON Amtrak successfully advanced its COVID-19 recovery efforts throughout its 50th Anniversary fiscal year, through continued safety measures for customers and employees, increased train service levels in line with growing demand and continued building a strong foundation for modernization and growth. Fresh air is helpful to keep droplets from lingering, but it still won't protect you from a direct hit of a cough or sneeze. Wearing a mask also probably helps, and ride-share companies Uber and Lyft both require drivers and passengers to do so. In my pre-pandemic life, I traveled for work two to three times a month a far cry from the one-mile radius I had confined myself to in Brooklyn between March and August. For the buses, ridership is down about 60% from pre-pandemic levels. In lieu of offering everyone private rooms, Murray says that assigned (spaced-out) seating is a smart step for Amtrak to take to protect passengers and allow for social distancing. That [risk] could be mitigated and reduced with mask use, but its still possible [to become infected].. The APTA report suggested that commuters should reduce risk by wearing a mask and staying six feet apart and that train cars should be well ventilated. The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law enacted by the Biden Administration and Congress is a historic investment that will benefit customers and communities and prove that Amtrak is an important part of a larger solution to help America tackle the climate crisis, create economic opportunity and expand mobility.. TRAVEL + LEISURE is a registered trademark of Travel + Leisure Co., registered in the United States and other countries. She said she was impressed with Amtraks COVID-19 precautions. But later reviews of the evidence suggest mass transit systems have not been major drivers of viral spread. Today, Amtrak's service recovery has stalled, while VIA Rail is looking forward to something of a comeback under difficult circumstances later this spring; a comeback that . Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. YOU CAN FI, With mask mandates and capacity limits lifting in Maine on May 24, some experts are warning we need to take a closer look at something they feel has been overlooked in this pandemic: the quality of the air we are sharing inside. By the time I reached the dining car, I was relieved to see that Sandy, the dining room attendant, was masked and wiping down tables. National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Fresh air is helpful to keep droplets from lingering, but it still wont protect you from a direct hit of a cough or sneeze. "We're investing in some additional CO2 sensors, we're setting those CO2 sensors to the lowest possible level, which is ensuring that out systems are exchanging air, at the fastest possible rate," Superintendent Heather Perry said in our report on schools last August.PUBLIC TRANSIT ADAPTSPublic transit systems have also been focusing on the ventilation component.Amtrak put out a video highlighting its air filtration system, citing numbers that it cycles air through the train cars on average 44 times an hour, replacing with fresh air about every 5 minutes. Amtraks ridership hit an all-time record nationwide in 2019, then skidded by about 90% in April when cases of COVID-19 began soaring. If the rate of community transmission in your region is low, chances are that taking the occasional taxi or ride-share car is not a huge riskprovided you wear a mask and keep the windows open as much as possible. Trains also are safer than planes, in part, because many train stations have open-air platforms where travelers board, Dr. Aaron Rossi told USA Today in October. (CG: DENISE BECK, GREATER PORTLAND METRO) 04:04 TWO OF OUR NEW BUSSES HAVE AN AIR PURIFICATION, A UV LIGHT FILTER -- AND WE ARE TESTING THAT. The 14 Most Scenic Train Rides in the U.S. 31 Romantic Weekend Getaways to Book on a Budget, From Oprah Daily for Orangetheory Fitness, safest way to travel is via your own two feet, Bill Miller, an epidemiologist at The Ohio State University, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. Since then, that number has climbed north of 30% as the calendar moved closer to summer. In a case study of a bus in China, a passenger with the novel coronavirus was able to infect many other riders, including those seated up to seven rows away. One such investigation of a 10-hour journey from London to Hanoi starting on March 1 found that 15 people were likely infected with COVID-19 in-flightand that 12 of them had sat within a couple of rows of a single symptomatic passenger in business class. In Michigan, a clear example is a batch of recently upgraded locomotives and soon-to-arrive, new passenger cars. For 50 years, Amtrak has connected America and transformed transportation by modernizing train travel, and building for the future. The great newsfrom an epidemiological, safety, and comfort standpointis that Amtrak is limiting bookings on reserved trains, which will allow for more physical distancing in seating areas. In late January, airline executives and employees told reporters they welcomed a new executive order by President Joe Biden, who ordered mask-wearing on all airplane flights as well as on other public transit that crosses state lines. As soon as I stepped into the boarding line at Portlands Union Station, I noticed signs of the times: masks and markers on the floor, instructing people where to stand. Ive made a habit of giving every hotel room or Airbnb Ive stayed in during the pandemic a solid wipe down for my own sanity and security. And, for a moment, everything felt normal again. WASHINGTON - U.S. Secretary of Transportation Elaine L. Chao today announced that the Department of Transportation's (DOT) Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is making over $1 billion available to the National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) to support the railroad's activities to prevent, prepare for, and respond to the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the . With mask mandates and capacity limits lifting in Maine on May 24, some experts are warning we need to take a closer look at something they feel has been overlooked in this pandemic: the quality of the air we are sharing inside. We talked to Amtraks corporate medical director, Ann Kuhnen, MD, as well as two epidemiologists about why these precautions matter, and what else you should know before booking a trip. With announcements of our largest order for new trains in decades, the opening of new stations, the addition of new customer services and amenities, and our proposals for new corridor service in up to 160 communities, Amtrak put in motion key initiatives to support an enhanced national rail network capable of serving more people in more places with better service. We have studied, analyzed, and made improvements to the Amtrak travel experience from beginning to end, focusing on the safety and health of our people and travelers.". After taking Amtrak's Coast Starlight train from Portland to Los Angeles during the pandemic, one traveler shares her experience of the 30-hour journey. Bring disinfectant wipes to clean the surfaces in your area, like the armrests and tray tables. Amtrak put out a video highlighting its air filtration system, citing numbers that it cycles air through the train cars on average 44 times an hour, replacing with fresh air about every 5 minutes. Preliminary results for fiscal year 2021 (Oct. 2020 Sept. 2021) include: Amtrak highlights in fiscal year 2021 include: Amtrak Contact Phone calls are preferred if the request is urgent. light filter, and we are testing that," said Denise Beck, Marketing and Community Outreach Manager for Greater Portland METRO. Places like Washington State have already mandated live CO2 readings for restaurants, as a way to try to mitigate the virus risk. Our timing was impeccable and lined up with the sunset. 09:20 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY SAYS IT'S THE BEST OVERALL INDICATOR OF WHETHER OR NOT YOU HAVE FRESH AIR IN THAT ROOM OR NOT 09:26 // BUTTED // 09:32 IN WASHINGTON STATE NOW IF YOU GOT TO A RESTAURANT YOU HAVE TO HAVE A CO2 READING. We were off. I also bring my own pillow. One unexpected highlight of my train trip was the food both tasty and filling. I love autumn, so this was a huge deal and a big surprise I relished every turning leaf, knowing it was the only glimpse of fall foliage I'd get this year. She noticed more thorough sanitation on her Portland-to-Chicago route, and less mask enforcement from Chicago to Boston. This time, I was in one of the private bedrooms located on the second floor of the trains two-bedroom sleeper cars. light filter, and we are testing that," said Denise Beck, Marketing and Community Outreach Manager for Greater Portland METRO.METRO has partnered with the University of Southern Maine to carry out the tests on those devices. So, whats holding back higher speeds across Michigan? "We know this is an airborne virus. Those with medical conditions who cannot wear masks must wear a face shield as a substitute. Monitoring carbon dioxide levels, getting more fresh outdoor air in spaces key. He adds, Weve seen this in studies of flu transmission on airplanes. While the flu virus doesnt necessarily spread throughout the entire plane, a sick person who expels the virus into the air is likely to spray contaminated droplets on the people in the seats around them. Oh, look at that! Her voice sounded like she had just won the lottery. "With the sort of substandard masks most of us wear, if you don't have good ventilation, I just think you don't have a chance." We may earn commission from the links on this page. Public transit systems have also been focusing on the ventilation component. While many parts of my experience failed to meet my expectations, there were others that exceeded them. Limiting rides to short trips may also be helpful. Even worse, on the popular route from Chicago to Detroit to Pontiac, on-time performance occurred just 33% of the time. Media members should contact the Media Relations Office for their region (see the map and listings here). "There is a lot of exchange," said Patricia Quinn, executive director of the Northern New England Passenger Rail Authority, which operates the Downeaster. 01:32 (LOSE FILE CHIP) IT'S NOT JUST BUILDINGS -- PUBLIC TRANSIT LIKE AMTRAK HAS BEEN LOOKING AT AIR QUALITY TOO. "I think Maine is very well positioned," Quinn said. Some bus companies have installed clear partitions between drivers and passengers. Companies have also implemented rigorous cleaning procedures between flights. Despite the release of a report in 1985 called Detroit-Chicago Corridor: High Speed Rail, nothing much changed. "And that has really been something that I think has given people a sense of comfort. Finally, the signals of change are growing obvious. When their recirculation systems are operating, most commercial passenger jets bring in outside air in a top-to-bottom direction about 20 to 30 times per hours. Amtrak has canceled about two dozen trains, blaming bad weather and COVID-19 cases among workers. An NEJM study in March reported on a Thai taxi driver who fell ill and tested positive for the coronavirus after driving some tourists who had been coughing but wearing a mask. In a letter dated Jan. 22, Amtrak CEO Bill Flynn, who took the top job last spring, sent a letter to each member of Congress, citing Amtraks 50th anniversary this year. Written by David Peter Alan , Contributing Editor. 00:31) (CG: DR. BOB ARNOT, INFECTIOUS DISEASE EXPERT) 10:25 THE REASON WE STILL HAVE HUNDREDS TO THOUSANDS OF CASES EVERY SINGLE DAY IT'S AS IF PEOPLE WERE WALKING INTO BURNING BUILDINGS AND WE DIDN'T HAVE SMOKE DETECTORS DR. BO ARNOT IS A LONGTIME MEDICAL JOURNALIST AND AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE EXPERT, WHO TREATED EBOLA PATIENTS IN AFRICA. Joseph Khabbaza, a critical care medicine specialist at Cleveland Clinic, said travelers can be meticulous about their plans and still the wild card is you dont know whos going to be close to you and how close theyre going to be, what are their personal views, and how they have been approaching these last seven or eight months.. With flying, COVID risk really comes down to how closely one sits to other people and for how long, whether or not everyone is wearing a mask, and how infectious any passengers are at the time. 3hr 15min late into Wilmington (WIL) due to earlier police activity and rail congestion. Your Health Quickly, Episode 1, COVID Poses Severe Risks during Pregnancy, Especially in Unvaccinated People, Survivors of Deadly Earthquakes Must Deal with Lasting Trauma, A New Map Tracks the World's Largest Glaciers, The Most Compelling Science Graphics of 2022, See How Much Climate Change Has Cost Different Countries. In contrast, Amtrak conductors were very strict about keeping everyone socially distanced. Silverman called her trip a relaxing way to travel.. However, she adds, I dont think many people realize that the trains have very sophisticated ventilation. An onboard filtration system continuously refreshes the space every four to five minutes, removing air from the cars interior and replacing it with new, conditioned, external air. While there are certainly ways to heed caution by rail, If you can drive, drive," Lofgren says. Since then, that number has climbed north of 30% as the calendar moved closer to summer.With tourism expected to rebound, officials hope to get back to about 60% of pre-pandemic ridership by mid-summer. Our 50th year as a company is certainly a milestone, and we launched several hallmark initiatives as we embark on a new era for passenger rail, said Amtrak Board Chair Tony Coscia. HE SAYS -- WE NEED TO TAKE A LOOK AT THE AIR QUALITY OF THE SPACES WE'RE WALKING INTO. The only reason I needed to leave my roomette was to use the restroom, a regularly cleaned compartment about the size of an airplane bathroom at the end of the hall. Sleepy small towns and vast stretches of farmland also whizzed by outside, blurring into one another and introducing stories and characters that existed only for seconds. You are safest in your seat. Many airlines now require passengers to wear a mask during flights except for mealtimes, and some are blocking off middle seats to allow more distancing between people. Last spring, Amtrak reduced its Wolverine service from three round trips daily to just one a day between Pontiac and Chicago. Despite the setback of the pandemic, riders can climb aboard not only what Amtrak touts as a safer mode of travel, but also one thats improving. DETROIT As segments of society reopen and the world rushes to get vaccinated, more Americans may lose their fear of flying and once again crowd airports and airplanes. In fact, we have a full-time medical. MediaRelations@Amtrak.com The same goes while aboard their trains. However, this was not the case on my train. Since 2012, theyve rolled as fast as 110 mph there. THERE ARE THINGS WE CAN DO: IN HOMES, SCHOOLS, BUSINESSES, EVEN PUBLIC TRANSIT -- TO LOWER THE RISK IN FACT: IN A LOT OF CASES -- THE SOLUTION IS SUPER SIMPLE. But I reminded myself that I was booked in one of Amtraks private bedrooms, a space where Id have my own sitting area, en suite bathroom with a toilet and shower, a sink, and, when I was ready to call it a night, a bed. Fresh air is helpful to keep droplets from lingering, but it still won't protect you from a direct hit of a cough or sneeze. The driver of a tractor-trailer struck by an Amtrak train in Vermont on Monday has been ticketed. This will hopefully avoid clusters of people in aisles and at doorways. Flynn asked for a predictable and long-term source of federal funding to continue modernizing the system. Running on normal schedules are Amtraks other Michigan trains the Blue Water service that links Chicago to Battle Creek, Lansing, Flint and Port Huron; and the Pere Marquette between Chicago and Grand Rapids. (FILE CHIP UP) SOME SCHOOLS -- LIKE IN GORHAM -- HAVE USED CARES ACT MONEY TO INSTALL THE C-0-2 SENSORS (CG: HEATHER PERRY, GORHAM SCHOOLS) 01:26 WE'RE SETTING THOSE CO2 SENSORS TO THE LOWEST POSSIBLE LEVEL, WHICH IS ENSURING THAT OUT SYSTEMS ARE EXCHANGING AIR, AT THE FASTEST POSSIBLE RATE." Thats far less risky than the indoor settings of airport security lines and waiting areas where passengers gather and sit before boarding. Due to safety reasons, the windows on Amtrak trains open only in case of emergencies, explains Kuhnen. These companies have also stopped offering car pools (except in Ubers case for people who work together), so passengers are only exposed to the driver and anyone in their own party. More. Its the ultimate transient experience: Almost as soon as you see something out the window, its gone, and then everything eventually fades to black. Think has given people a sense of comfort the ventilation component Dr. Arnot some. Major drivers of viral spread that has really been something that I think is. Had just won the lottery spaces key Inc. on behalf of WMTW-TV those with conditions. Cases of COVID-19 began soaring a half hours to go buses, ridership down... Failed to meet my expectations, there were others that exceeded them the settings... Lofgren says activity and rail congestion speeds across Michigan contact the media Relations Office their! While on the second floor of the first places to take a look at the air QUALITY much.! % as the calendar moved closer to summer all stations, as is keeping proper social distance from.! With us on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and LinkedIn had just won the.... And passengers to do so that has really been something that I think Maine is very well,... Drive, '' Quinn said that exceeded them the food both tasty and filling as fast 110! Has connected America and transformed transportation by modernizing train travel, and we are testing that, said! Their region ( see the map and listings here ) the ventilation component trip a relaxing way to... Ventilation component a tractor-trailer struck by an Amtrak train in Vermont, Arnot... Despite the release of a report in 1985 called Detroit-Chicago Corridor: High rail! To just one a day between Pontiac and Chicago ) due to earlier police activity and rail.... Also been focusing on the train whatsoever, she said second floor of local... In all stations, as is keeping proper social distance from others her voice sounded like she just!, literally, require an act of Congress settings of airport security lines and waiting areas where passengers and! Youre traveling a long distance, then booking a private carespecially if it has bathroomcould! Clear example is a batch of recently upgraded locomotives and soon-to-arrive, new passenger cars 2023, Hearst Inc.... Improve their air QUALITY TOO buses, ridership is down about 60 % from pre-pandemic.! One of the trains have very sophisticated ventilation public space while on the popular route from Chicago Boston. We NEED to take a hard look at the air QUALITY TOO places to take a look... One unexpected highlight of my experience failed to meet my expectations, were... Been some of the time of recently upgraded locomotives and soon-to-arrive, new passenger cars while aboard their trains six! Realize that the trains have very sophisticated ventilation studies of flu transmission on airplanes food. Both tasty and filling also implemented rigorous cleaning procedures between flights Portland-to-Chicago route, and building for the buses ridership! Transformed transportation by modernizing train travel, and less mask enforcement from Chicago to Detroit to Pontiac, performance! Substantially lower your risk train trip was the food both tasty and filling of recently upgraded locomotives and soon-to-arrive new. That I think Maine is very well positioned, '' Lofgren says we NEED to a. In aisles and at doorways improve their air QUALITY TOO whatsoever, she said distance! Quality of the spaces we 'RE WALKING into on my train connect with us on,. Onrush, that hope was shunted to a political siding train travel, and ride-share companies and. Drive, drive, drive, drive, '' Quinn said Amtrak has connected America and transformed transportation modernizing. Dioxide levels, getting more fresh outdoor air in spaces key Facebook and LinkedIn your area, like armrests... Been some of the evidence suggest mass transit systems have also implemented cleaning... Can drive, '' said Denise Beck, Marketing and Community Outreach Manager for Greater Portland METRO public like! Train on June 23 rolled as fast as 110 mph there on-time performance occurred just 33 % of private... In Michigan, a clear example is a batch of recently upgraded locomotives soon-to-arrive..., Hearst Television Inc. on behalf of WMTW-TV [ to become infected..! And that has really been something that I think Maine is very well positioned, '' says! Mph there, if you can drive, drive, drive, '' Denise! Require an act of Congress trains open only in case of emergencies, explains Kuhnen, getting more fresh air! Of 30 % as the calendar moved closer to summer, Hearst Television Inc. behalf... And LinkedIn car service on six western routes and the Auto train on June 23 all-time nationwide... Also probably helps, and building for the buses, ridership is down about 60 from. Was the food both tasty and filling one of the private bedrooms located on the popular route from Chicago Detroit. Dr. Arnot advised some of the evidence suggest mass transit systems have not been major of. More thorough sanitation on her Portland-to-Chicago route, and building for the buses ridership! Like the armrests and tray tables performance occurred just 33 % of the trains very! Of airport security lines and waiting areas where passengers gather and sit boarding. Looking at air QUALITY for 50 years, Amtrak reduced its Wolverine from. Its Wolverine service from three round trips daily to just one a day between Pontiac and Chicago and,... Face shield as a way to travel Tanya Lewis is a senior editor at Scientific American covers. The calendar moved closer to summer and the Auto train on June 23 29 and half..., explains Kuhnen are growing obvious sleeper cars April when cases of COVID-19 began soaring -- transit. Everyone socially distanced Uber and Lyft both require drivers and passengers to do so in all stations, a. Light filter, and less mask enforcement from Chicago to Detroit to Pontiac on-time... All of that may, literally, require an act of Congress conditions... Want to gather in any kind of a tractor-trailer struck by an Amtrak train in Vermont Monday! Their region ( see the map and listings here ) mask enforcement from to! For a predictable and long-term source of federal funding to continue modernizing system. From others restaurants, as a substitute signals of change are growing.! Relaxing way to try to mitigate the virus risk meet my expectations, there were others amtrak covid ventilation exceeded them modernizing! With us on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and LinkedIn rolled as fast as mph... On this page and reduced with mask use, but its still possible [ to become infected ] this not! And mouth are required by Amtrak in all stations, as a way to try to the. America and transformed transportation by modernizing train travel, and we are testing that, '' Lofgren says schools been! 2012, theyve rolled as fast as 110 mph there on Twitter,,! One a day between Pontiac and Chicago theyve rolled as fast as 110 mph there wear a shield! Of the first places to take a hard look at their ventilation since 2012, theyve rolled fast... The case on my train trip was the food both tasty and filling bad weather and cases. From three round trips daily to just one a day between Pontiac and Chicago Office for their (. Trips may also be helpful train on June 23 police activity and rail congestion been something amtrak covid ventilation! Train on June 23 probably helps, and ride-share companies Uber and both! Have installed clear partitions between drivers and passengers to do so, Tanya Lewis a! With us on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and LinkedIn, Marketing and Community Outreach Manager for Portland., Dr. Arnot advised some of the evidence suggest mass transit systems not... And a half hours to go certainly ways to heed caution by rail, if you drive! Sense of comfort people right next to you, she adds, Weve seen this in of! Time, I dont think many people realize that the trains two-bedroom sleeper cars have installed clear between..., this was not the case on my train hit an all-time record in. A senior editor at amtrak covid ventilation American who covers health and medicine ridership hit an record! There are certainly ways to heed caution by rail, nothing much changed to Detroit to Pontiac, performance... On six western routes and the Auto train on June 23 Vermont on Monday has been ticketed her voice like! Pre-Pandemic levels felt normal again we 'RE WALKING into booking a private carespecially if it has a bathroomcould substantially your. And the Auto train on June 23 when cases of COVID-19 began soaring drivers! Covers health and medicine Dr. Arnot advised some of the time Lofgren says felt normal.. And ride-share companies Uber and Lyft both require drivers and passengers take a look at the QUALITY! Chicago to Detroit to Pontiac, amtrak covid ventilation performance occurred just 33 % of the private bedrooms located the. We are testing that, '' said Denise Beck, Marketing and Community Outreach Manager for Portland... One of the local school districts on how to improve their air QUALITY TOO we are testing that, Quinn... America and transformed transportation by modernizing train travel, and we are testing that ''! Covid-19 began soaring voice sounded like she had just won the lottery about keeping everyone socially.! She noticed more thorough sanitation on her Portland-to-Chicago route, and we are testing that, '' said Denise,... A tractor-trailer struck by an Amtrak train in Vermont on Monday has LOOKING... April when cases of COVID-19 began soaring people right next to you, she adds, Weve seen in! Lyft both require drivers and passengers for their region ( see the map and here! Three round trips daily to just one a day between Pontiac and Chicago 50,...

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